{"id":972,"date":"2025-01-08T13:28:15","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:28:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/gassample\/?page_id=972"},"modified":"2025-02-10T16:22:14","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T15:22:14","slug":"soda","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gassample.com\/en\/soda\/","title":{"rendered":"SODA"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Analysis of NH\u2083 and CO\u2082 concentration in a wet gas stream from Solvay crude soda production.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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MARCIN MASEK – GAS SAMPLE SP. Z O.O.<\/p>\n

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INTRODUCTION<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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The method for producing soda ash was developed in the early 1860s when two Belgian brothers, Ernest and Alfred Solvay, devised an improved synthetic method for soda manufacturing.<\/span><\/p>\n

The production of soda (sodium carbonate) utilizes limestone (calcium carbonate) and rock salt (sodium chloride). In practice, auxiliary materials are also necessary, such as coke and ammonia, which acts as a catalyst. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>niezb\u0119dne jest zastosowanie materia\u0142\u00f3w pomocniczych (koksu, amoniaku jako katalizatora).<\/span><\/p>\n

The Solvay process\u00a0 <\/span>relies on\u00a0 <\/span>multiple operations, including the thermal decomposition of limestone, the absorption of ammonia by brine, and the carbonization of the resulting solution by saturating it with CO2. It also involves the separation of crystallizing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and its subsequent calcination, as well as the recovery of ammonia from the liquid after bicarbonate crystallization using milk of lime.<\/span><\/p>\n

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THE REAL CHALLENGES<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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Optymalizacja procesu powinna pozwoli\u0107 na zwi\u0119kszenie produktywno\u015bci i jednoczesne zmniejszenie zu\u017cycia surowc\u00f3w pomocniczych, tym samym generuj\u0105c dodatkowe przychody. W tym celu konieczny jest precyzyjny i sta\u0142y pomiar st\u0119\u017cenia zar\u00f3wno CO2, jak i NH3 w gazie procesowym. Pomiar taki stanowi pionierskie wyzwanie in\u017cynierskie ze wzgl\u0119du na wysokie i zmienne st\u0119\u017cenie amoniaku w gazie (>10%) przy jednoczesnej obecno\u015bci wody w punkcie nasycenia oraz rozpuszczonych jon\u00f3w amonowych, w\u0119glanowych i chlork\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re w temperaturze poni\u017cej 55\u00b0C maj\u0105 tendencj\u0119 do krystalizacji.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\n \n \"Analiza <\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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A significant problem is the presence of salts in the collected sample, whose crystals block the free flow of gas from the process pipeline to the analyzer. These salts must be removed from the sample within a properly designed and constructed sample collection, transport, and preparation system. Simultaneously, the de-salting process must not alter the composition of the gas being measured before it is supplied to the NH3\/CO2 analyzer.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\n \n \"Kryszta\u0142y <\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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An additional challenge is the correct selection of the measurement method and the design of the analytical system. The widely used absorption spectroscopy requires \"sample extraction,\" which means drawing the sample from the process installation and transporting it to the analyzer without disturbing its composition or losing the components being measured.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Trudno\u015bci\u0105 do pokonania jest te\u017c to, \u017ce do pomiaru amoniaku w gazach suchych wykorzystuje si\u0119 analizatory typu NDIR (wykorzystuj\u0105ce absorpcj\u0119 w bliskiej podczerwieni). Z kolei pomiar amoniaku w gazach mokrych (wysyconych H2O) realizowany jest, wg przyj\u0119tej praktyki, przy pomocy spektroskopii laserowej. W tym miejscu warto nadmieni\u0107, \u017ce wspomniana metoda pomiaru w gazach mokrych sprawdzona zosta\u0142a jedynie przy st\u0119\u017ceniach amoniaku od pojedynczych ppm do 1%. W zwi\u0105zku w powy\u017cszym, wy\u017csze st\u0119\u017cenia amoniaku w gazach mokrych nie by\u0142y dotychczas realizowane i wymagaj\u0105 zastosowania innowacyjnych rozwi\u0105za\u0144 oraz prac R&D celem m.in. doboru pasma widma IR, gdzie pomiar NH3 nie b\u0119dzie zak\u0142\u00f3cany przez inne, obecne w gazie sk\u0142adniki.<\/span><\/p>\n

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THE SOLUTION <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
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HYBRID \"HOT\" SYSTEM FOR NH3 AND \"COLD\" SYSTEM FOR CO2<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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An individually configured analyzer guarantees reliable CO2 measurement thanks to a specially designed sample preparation system, which features:<\/span><\/p>\n

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The ability to automatically calibrate the analyzer's zero point.\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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A proven de-salting and filtration system.<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Precise temperature control and self-diagnostics of the measured gas sample system.<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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A dedicated and individually designed TDLS laser analyzer application for NH3 measurement.<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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An 8-cm measuring cell that allows for measurements up to 20% NH3.<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>
\n\n \"Elementy <\/div>\n
\n\n \n \"Kondycjonowana <\/a>\n <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>
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